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2025 in science

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List of years in science (table)
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The following scientific events occurred, or are scheduled to occur in 2025. The United Nations declared 2025 the International year of quantum science and technology.

Events

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January

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  • 1 January – Detailed telemetry data from the Parker Solar Probe is received, following its passage through the Sun's corona.[1]
  • 2 January
    • The biggest dinosaur fossil trackway ever found in the UK is reported at a quarry in Oxfordshire, consisting of 200 huge footprints made during the mid-Jurassic.[2]
    • Bioengineers at Rice University report having developed a novel "construction kit" for building custom sense-and-respond circuits in human cells.[3][4]
  • 3 January – Researchers report discovering a new class of anti-malaria antibodies.[5][6]
  • 8 January – Scientists publish a comprehensive map of protein locations within human cells, offering potential new insights into how cells respond to infections and other changing circumstances.[7]
  • 9 January – The El Capitan supercomputer is officially dedicated at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, United States.[8]
  • 10 January
  • 13 January – Researchers discover what could be the world's oldest three-dimensional map in a cave in the Paris Basin of France, dating back 13,000 years.[11]
  • 15 January – The European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft ends its operation after 11 years of mapping the Milky Way galaxy, during which time it made three trillion observations of two billion stars.[12]
  • 16 January
    • Microsoft researchers publish details of MatterGen, a generative AI tool for materials design.[13]
    • The first two-dimensional (2D) mechanically interlocked material is demonstrated by Northwestern University, consisting of 100 trillion bonds per square centimetre, which its creators describe as having exceptional flexibility and strength.[14] Adding just 2.5% of the new material to Ultem boosted the latter's tensile modulus by 45%.[15]
    • The air monitoring station at Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii reports that CO2 jumped by 3.58 parts per million (ppm) in 2024, exceeding the previous record of 3.36 ppm set in 2023. The global atmospheric concentration of CO2 is now at 427 ppm, more than 50% higher than the pre-industrial level.[16][17]
  • 21 January
    • Coral bleaching on the southern Great Barrier Reef in early 2024 is reported to have struck 80% of colonies, with some coral genera, such as Acropora, experiencing a 95% mortality rate.[18]
    • More than a third (34%) of the Arctic-boreal zone is now reported to be a source of carbon emissions, rather than a carbon sink, a figure that rises to 40% when including emissions from fires.[19]

Predicted and scheduled events

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See also: 2025 in spaceflight

Date unknown

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "NASA's Parker Solar Probe Reports Healthy Status After Solar Encounter – Parker Solar Probe". blogs.nasa.gov. 2 January 2025. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  2. ^ "UK's biggest ever dinosaur footprint site unearthed". BBC News. BBC. 2 January 2025. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
  3. ^ Yang, Xiaoyu; Rocks, Jason W.; Jiang, Kaiyi; Walters, Andrew J.; Rai, Kshitij; Liu, Jing; Nguyen, Jason; Olson, Scott D.; Mehta, Pankaj; Collins, James J.; Daringer, Nichole M.; Bashor, Caleb J. (3 January 2025). "Engineering synthetic phosphorylation signaling networks in human cells". Science. 387 (6729): 74–81. doi:10.1126/science.adm8485. ISSN 0036-8075.
  4. ^ "Breakthrough for 'smart cell' design". ScienceDaily. 3 January 2025. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  5. ^ Dacon, Cherrelle; Moskovitz, Re’em; Swearingen, Kristian; Da Silva Pereira, Lais; Flores-Garcia, Yevel; Aleshnick, Maya; Kanatani, Sachie; Flynn, Barbara; Molina-Cruz, Alvaro; Wollenberg, Kurt; Traver, Maria; Kirtley, Payton; Purser, Lauren; Dillon, Marlon; Bonilla, Brian (3 January 2025). "Protective antibodies target cryptic epitope unmasked by cleavage of malaria sporozoite protein". Science. 387 (6729). doi:10.1126/science.adr0510. ISSN 0036-8075.
  6. ^ "Researchers discover class of anti-malaria antibodies". ScienceDaily. 3 January 2025. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  7. ^ "Scientists create comprehensive map of protein locations within human cells". EurekAlert!. EurekAlert!. 8 January 2025. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
  8. ^ Fried, Ina (10 January 2025). "Meet the world's most powerful supercomputer". Axios. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
  9. ^ "2024 first year to pass 1.5C global warming limit". BBC News. BBC News. 10 January 2025. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
  10. ^ "World's first fully 3D-printed microscope made in under 3 hours". New Scientist. New Scientist. 10 January 2025. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
  11. ^ "World's oldest 3D map discovered". ScienceDaily. 13 January 2025. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  12. ^ "Last starlight for ground-breaking Gaia". ESA. ESA. 15 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  13. ^ "MatterGen: A new paradigm of materials design with generative AI". Microsoft. Microsoft. 16 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  14. ^ "Chainmail-like material could be the future of armor". Northwestern University. Northwestern University. 16 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  15. ^ "21st-century chainmail uses molecular instead of metallic links". New Atlas. New Atlas. 17 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  16. ^ "Wildfires drive record leap in global level of climate-heating CO2". The Guardian. The Guardian. 17 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  17. ^ "Air monitoring station records biggest ever jump in atmospheric CO2". New Scientist. New Scientist. 17 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.
  18. ^ "Cycle of coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef now at 'catastrophic' levels". scimex. scimex. 21 January 2025. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
  19. ^ "After millennia as CO₂ sink, more than one-third of Arctic-boreal region is now a source". Phys.org. Phys.org. 21 January 2025. Retrieved 22 January 2025.
  20. ^ "History of the Royal Observatory | Royal Museums Greenwich". www.rmg.co.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  21. ^ Kuthunur, Sharmila (22 January 2024). "NASA's IMAP probe will launch in 2025 to capture interstellar dust". Space.com. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
  22. ^ Foust, Jeff (31 October 2023). "Rocket Lab plans launch of Venus mission as soon as late 2024". SpaceNews. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
  23. ^ Speed, Richard. "Rocket Lab sets sights on 2024-2025 window for Venus mission". The Register. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
  24. ^ "Rubin Observatory will inspire a new era in space missions without ever leaving the ground". SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  25. ^ "Rubin Observatory Will Reveal Dark Matter's Ghostly Disruptions of Stellar Streams - Vera C. Rubin Observatory's stunningly detailed images will illuminate distant stellar streams and their past encounters with dark matter". www.noirlab.edu. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  26. ^ "FACT SHEET: President Biden's 2025 Budget Invests in Science and Technology to Power American Innovation, Expand Frontiers of What's Possible | OSTP". The White House. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
  27. ^ Mervis, Jeffrey. "Biden's lean science budget could mean tough choices for agencies". Science. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
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