Jump to content

Education policy of the second Donald Trump administration

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Under the second presidency of Donald Trump, the federal government of the United States has sought to influence many aspects of education. President Donald Trump appointed Linda McMahon, a co-founder of World Wrestling Entertainment, to be the United States Secretary of Education. McMahon was confirmed by the U.S. Senate by a vote of 51–45 on March 3, 2025. Trump and McMahon have sought to dismantle the U.S. Department of Education; on March 20, Trump signed an executive order directing the secretary of education to "facilitate the closure" of the department, and the Trump administration has sought to cut nearly all of its employees. Trump has said that the disbursement of student financial aid and student loans would be transferred to the Small Business Administration, while the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services would assume responsibility for the education department's special needs and nutrition programs.

The Trump administration has also sought to crack down on universities that they accuse of antisemitism and perceive as having a left-wing bias that discriminates against conservative students. The administration paused over US$400 million in federal funding for Columbia University in March 2025, causing Columbia's leaders to agree to the government's demands, including the suspension or expulsion of students who participated in Columbia's 2024 pro-Palestinian campus occupations, taking steps to combat antisemitism at the university, and enacting changes to its admissions policies. The Trump administration also paused funding to many other universities; in April 2025, Harvard University publicly refused and criticized similar demands made by the Trump administration, filing a lawsuit against them and saying that the demands were an illegal overreach of government authority. In response, the government paused over $2 billion in funding for Harvard.

Simultaneously, the Trump administration's science policy resulted in the cutting or freezing in large amounts of funding used for research on topics such as climate change, vaccines, LGBTQ topics, and COVID-19. The administration's policies against initiatives for diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) has resulted in the removal of thousands of online resources as well as the removal of around 400 books from the U.S. Naval Academy library. The Trump administration has also targeted many non-citizen activist students and academics for deportation, revoking over 300 student visas by March 2025 for those that it accuses of promoting antisemitism or of supporting U.S.-designated foreign terrorist organizations such as Hamas. Some efforts to deport activists have faced court challenges of their legality.

Background and campaign

[edit]
Further information: Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign
See also: Education policy of the first Donald Trump administration

Donald Trump, previously the president of the United States from 2017 to 2021,[1] campaigned in 2024 largely with a promise to expand the U.S. federal government's power to manage education in the United States.[2] Additionally, he pledged to fulfill his first-term promise to dismantle the U.S. Department of Education, a federal executive department established in 1980,[3][4] which Trump said had been infiltrated by "radicals, zealots and Marxists".[5] Many in his Republican Party have also criticized the department, accusing it of pushing "woke" ideology onto children, including relating to gender and race, and have said that individual U.S. states should have authority over education.[6] He said that he would limit federal funding to certain schools and universities, including those that imposed mask mandates or vaccine mandates during the COVID-19 pandemic,[3][7] and those that he said teach curriculums that include "critical race theory, gender ideology, or other inappropriate racial, sexual, or political content".[4] Trump said he wished to establish a "patriotic education" in the United States that "teach[es] students to love their country", "defend[s] American tradition and Western civilization", and promotes the nuclear family.[3][8] His campaign also advocated universal school choice.[9] Regarding college accreditation, Trump promised to "fire the radical-left accreditors that have allowed our colleges to become dominated by Marxist maniacs and lunatics".[10]

Personnel

[edit]
Linda McMahon, the U.S. secretary of education

On November 19, 2024, two weeks after Trump won the 2024 U.S. presidential election, CNN reported that Linda McMahon would be nominated by Trump to be the United States Secretary of Education in his second term.[11] The nomination of McMahon—the co-founder and former executive of World Wrestling Entertainment who was the administrator of the Small Business Administration during Trump's first term—was officially announced by Trump later that day.[12][13] Trump said that, during her tenure as the chair of the board at the America First Policy Institute, a conservative think tank, McMahon had "been a fierce advocate for parents' rights" and that she would "spearhead" the effort to "send education back to the states" by closing the Department of Education.[6]

On February 20, 2025, one month after Trump's inauguration, the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee voted 12–11 in favor of advancing McMahon's nomination.[14] On March 3, the full U.S. Senate voted 51–45 to confirm McMahon as secretary of education.[15][16] She was sworn in as secretary later that day.[17]

Education Department dismantling effort

[edit]
Further information: Efforts to close the United States Department of Education

Trump said that McMahon's primary objective as education secretary would be to facilitate the closure of the Department of Education. He said of her role at the department that: "I want her to put herself out of a job."[18] When asked if the Department of Education was necessary for the United States, McMahon said that it was not needed.[19] On March 20, 2025, Trump signed an executive order directing the secretary of education to "facilitate the closure of the Department of Education and return authority over education to the States and local communities".[20][21]

The closure of a federal department such as the Department of Education requires an act of Congress, because Congress created the department.[22] However, the Republican Party's narrow majority in Congress makes an effort to officially close the department unlikely to succeed.[23] McMahon has said that congressionally appropriated funding for department services such as student financial aid will be unaffected by the plan to downsize or close the department.[24] Trump said in March 2025 that the federal student loan portfolio and other "special needs" programs overseen by the Department of Education would be transferred to other federal departments. He said that the Small Business Administration would assume responsibility for student loans, while the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services would take over the department's special needs and nutrition programs.[25][26]

In February 2025, as a part of widespread layoffs across the federal government, the Department of Education offered all of its employees US$25,000 if they agreed to resign or retire.[27] The next month, the department announced a plan that would reduce its workforce by half.[28] The majority of layoffs took place in the Federal Student Aid office that oversees the disbursement of financial aid and student loans, and the Office for Civil Rights that protects students and teachers from discrimination.[24] In April 2025, the Trump administration announced that the Department of Education would resume collecting defaulted student loan debt on May 5, for the first time since March 2020.[29]

Actions against universities

[edit]
A 2024 pro-Palestinian encampment at Columbia University, which the Trump administration has used as evidence of antisemitism at the university[30]

Trump and many Republican officials have advocated for new laws and policies that crack down on campus curriculum and protests that they believe perpetuates a left-wing bias in universities and discriminates against conservative viewpoints.[31] In March 2025, the Education Department's Office for Civil Rights contacted 60 colleges and universities across the United States to inform them that it had begun investigations of alleged violations of civil rights law "relating to antisemitic harassment and discrimination".[32] The Trump administration announced that month that it was cancelling $400 million in federal funding for Columbia University, "due to the school's continued inaction in the fact of persistent harassment of Jewish students" and "other alleged violations of Title VI and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964".[33][30]

The Trump administration issued a demands to Columbia, saying that in order for it to begin negotiations on restoring the lost funding, it should place its Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies Department under academic receivership, ban face coverings, suspend or expel students who had participated in Columbia's 2024 pro-Palestinian campus occupations, take steps to combat antisemitism at the university, change its admissions policies, and acquiesce to other demands.[30] Several academic associations condemned the demands as an attack on academic freedom;[34][35] however, the university agreed to the demands, and announced that it would "overhaul disciplinary processes, ban masks at protests, add 36 officers with the authority to make arrests and appoint a new senior vice provost to oversee academic programs focused on the Middle East".[36] Despite Columbia's agreement, the federal funding has not yet been restored.[37]

Subsequently in March and April 2025, the Trump administration paused $175 million in funding for the University of Pennsylvania,[38] $1 billion in funding for Cornell University, $790 million for Northwestern University,[39] paused academic grants to Princeton University,[40][41] and threatened $510 million for Brown University.[42] The administration justified the funding pauses by saying that the universities had not done enough to comply with the government's priorities, such as the combatting of antisemitic discrimination.[40][42]

The administration's prescription [...] violates Harvard’s First Amendment rights and exceeds the statutory limits of the government's authority [...] And it threatens our values as a private institution devoted to the pursuit, production, and dissemination of knowledge. No government—regardless of which party is in power—should dictate what private universities can teach, whom they can admit and hire, and which areas of study and inquiry they can pursue.

Harvard University's response to the Trump administration, April 14, 2025[43]

In April 2025, facing the loss of up to $9 billion in federal funding,[42] Harvard University negotiated with the Trump administration for two weeks in an attempt to reach an agreement, such as that made by Columbia, to avoid the loss of government funding.[44] Afterwards, a government lawyer from the administration sent a letter to Harvard demanding that it changes in policies about curriculum, hiring, and admissions policies, including hiring a thir,d party acceptable to the Trump administration to audit "viewpoint diversity".[45] Government officials later said that the letter had been sent in error.[44]

Harvard publicly rejected the Trump administration's demands and called them an illegal overreach of government authority;[37] in response, the administration announced that it had frozen $2.3 billion in federal research funding for the university.[45][46] In addition, Trump asked the Internal Revenue Service to revoke Harvard's tax-exempt status.[47] The U.S. Department of Homeland Security also told the university that it needed to share with the government detailed records about its foreign students—including "relevant information" about students holding student visas that had been involved in "known illegal" or "dangerous" activity, and information about the coursework of all student visa holders—or else it would lose its ability to enroll international students.[48][49] Harvard responded by filing a lawsuit against the Trump administration in the District Court of Massachusetts, arguing that the freezing of funds was unconstitutional.[50][51]

Later in April 2025, the American Association of Colleges and Universities published a statement signed by more than 150 university and college presidents that condemned "unprecedented government overreach and political interference" in education from the Trump administration;[52] the same month, faculties at several universities in the collegiate Big Ten Conference voted to approve a "mutual-defense compact" against Trump administration actions.[53]

On April 23, 2025, Trump signed several executive orders related to college education. He directed the federal government to "enforce laws on the books" regarding the disclosure of large donations to universities as well as regarding college accreditation, which Trump had called his "secret weapon" to exert control over universities. Additionally, he signed an order that established a government initiative to promote "excellence and innovation" at historically black colleges and universities.[10]

Cuts to research funding

[edit]
Main article: Science policy of the second Donald Trump administration

The Trump administration has also cut or frozen funding to research. Broad research areas subject to funding reductions have included climate change, vaccines, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19.[54] Additionally, funding has been cut for research relating to LGBTQ topics; diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI); race and ethnicity, and other topics that the Trump administration has considered "woke".[55][56] Some of the funding freezes have been used to apply pressure to universities on non-science related matters.[57][58] The Trump administration's DEI policy has also led to government organizations removing or modifying more than 8,000 webpages and around 3,000 datasets.[59][60] The policy also resulted in the removal of around 400 books from the U.S. Naval Academy library,[61] including Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1970) and Janet Jacobs's Memorializing the Holocaust (2010), while The Bell Curve (1994) and Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf were retained.[62] Scientists have largely seen the funding cuts as, alongside Trump's efforts to include university education, dangerous to the state of research in the United States,[63] and many scientists have said they were considering leaving the United States as a result of the policy.[64][65]

Student deportations

[edit]
Main article: Activist deportations in the second Donald Trump administration

As a part of its efforts to conduct mass deportations against immigrants, the Trump administration has pursued a policy of targeting many non-citizen activist students and academics for deportation.[66][67][68] Marco Rubio, Trump's U.S. secretary of state, estimated that the administration revoked over 300 student visas by March 27, 2025.[69][70] The Trump administration developed a "catch and revoke" strategy to monitor international students' social media posts to identify those that it believes are "pro-Hamas"[71][72] or "antisemitic".[73][74] In March 2025, the U.S. State Department said that student visa applicants would be ineligible if their social media activity indicated that they were "advocating for, sympathizing with, or persuading others to endorse or espouse terrorist activities or support a designated foreign terrorist organization".[75] The Trump administration has targeted some professors, such as Lebanese Brown University professor Rasha Alawieh, who was deported despite a court order,[76] Students targeted for deportation include Mahmoud Khalil, a leader of the 2024 pro-Palestinian encampment at Columbia University and a U.S. lawful permanent resident.[77][78][79] To overcome his lawful permanent residency, the Trump administration has cited the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, which allows aliens in the U.S. to be deported if the secretary of states finds that their presence could negatively impact U.S. foreign policy.[80][81]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Baker, Peter (2025-01-20). "For Trump, a Vindication for the Man and His Movement". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-02-11.
  2. ^ Harris, Adam (November 28, 2023). "Trump Wants to Create a National University?". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on October 9, 2024. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
  3. ^ a b c Colvin, Jill (November 12, 2023). "Trump's plans if he returns to the White House include deportation raids, tariffs and mass firings". Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2023.
  4. ^ a b McGraw, Meredith (January 26, 2023). "Trump unveils new education policy loaded with culture war proposals". Politico. Archived from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.
  5. ^ Ma, Annie (November 20, 2024). "Trump has called for dismantling the Education Department. Here's what that would mean". Associated Press News. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Trump picks Linda McMahon and Mehmet Oz to serve in top roles". www.bbc.com. 2024-11-20. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  7. ^ Beyer, Elizabeth (March 3, 2024). "Trump doubles down on familiar divisive rhetoric at Virginia campaign rally". Staunton News Leader. Archived from the original on September 26, 2024. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  8. ^ Oliphant, James; Slattery, Gram (April 24, 2024). "Trump's second-term agenda: deportations, trade wars, drug dealer death penalty". Reuters. Archived from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2024.
  9. ^ Smyth, Julie Carr (2024-07-11). "The GOP platform calls for 'universal school choice.' What would that mean for students?". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 9, 2024. Retrieved 2024-12-08.
  10. ^ a b Anguiano, Dani (April 23, 2025). "Trump signs orders cracking down on diversity and inclusion at US universities". The Guardian. Retrieved April 23, 2025.
  11. ^ Towfighi, Kristen Holmes, Kaitlan Collins, John (November 19, 2024). "Linda McMahon expected to be named Education Secretary, sources say | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved November 20, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ "Trump names former wrestling executive Linda McMahon as his pick for education secretary". NBC News. 2024-11-20. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  13. ^ Saul, Stephanie; Montague, Zach; Otterman, Sharon (2024-11-28). "Her Wrestling Empire Was Said to Harm Children. Trump Chose Her for Education". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-03-25.
  14. ^ "Committee advances Trump's education secretary nominee to full Senate vote". CNN. 2025-02-20. Retrieved 2025-02-20.
  15. ^ "Senate confirms Linda McMahon as secretary of the Department of Education". CNN. 2025-03-03. Retrieved 2025-03-03.
  16. ^ Hunter, Avery Lotz,Kathleen (2025-03-03). "Linda McMahon confirmed to lead Education Department". Axios. Retrieved 2025-03-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ Schermele, Zachary. "Senate confirms Trump pick Linda McMahon to lead the Department of Education". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2025-03-04.
  18. ^ "Trump's Education Secretary's job is to 'end the job'". The Economic Times. 5 February 2025.
  19. ^ Bender, Michael C. (2025-03-07). "Asked if U.S. Needs Education Department, Its Head Says 'No'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-03-21.
  20. ^ Leingang, Rachel; Lowell, Hugo (2025-03-20). "Trump signs executive order to dismantle US Department of Education". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  21. ^ "Improving Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and Communities". The White House. March 20, 2025. Retrieved March 20, 2025.
  22. ^ Bender, Michael C. (March 19, 2025). "Trump is said to sign an executive order on Thursday aimed at dismantling the Education Department". The New York Times. Retrieved 2025-03-19.
  23. ^ "White House preparing executive order to abolish the Education Department". NBC News. 4 February 2025. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
  24. ^ a b Schermele, Zachary (March 13, 2025). "Education Dept. cuts are here. What happens now to student loans, FAFSA and IEPs?". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  25. ^ Turner, Cory (21 March 2025). "Trump says Education Department will no longer oversee student loans, 'special needs'". NPR. Retrieved 2025-03-21.
  26. ^ Hunnicutt, Trevor; Mason, Jeff (March 21, 2025). "Trump says Education Dept. to transfer student loan, nutrition programs to other agencies". Reuters. Retrieved April 7, 2025.
  27. ^ Schermele, Zachary. "Ahead of layoffs, Education Department offers employees $25K to quit or retire by Monday". www.usatoday.com. USA Today. Retrieved 2 March 2025.
  28. ^ O'Donnell Adam Edelman and Tyler Kingkade, Kelly; Edelman, Adam; Kingkade, Tyler (12 March 2025). "Education Department prepares to lay off roughly half its staff". www.nbcnews.com. NBC News. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  29. ^ Watkins, Ali (2025-04-22). "Education Department Will Resume Collections on Student Loan Debt". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  30. ^ a b c Diaz, Jaclyn (2025-03-14). "Turmoil rocks Columbia University as Trump administration demands changes — or else". NPR. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  31. ^ Peters, Jeremy W. (March 20, 2025). "How the G.O.P. Went From Championing Campus Free Speech to Fighting It". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 20, 2025.
  32. ^ Tsui, Karina; Wolfe, Elizabeth (2025-03-11). "Department of Education investigating 60 colleges and universities over antisemitism claims". CNN. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  33. ^ Moore, Elena (2025-03-07). "Trump administration cancels $400 million in federal dollars for Columbia University". NPR. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  34. ^ "Letter to the leadership of Columbia University urging it to reject the Trump administration's ultimatum of 13 March 2025 and stand firm in defense of academic freedom & the university's independence". Middle East Studies Association. 2025-03-17. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  35. ^ "Joint Statement of AAUP Chapters Regarding the Ongoing Crisis at Columbia University". AAUP. 2025-03-20. Retrieved 2025-03-20.
  36. ^ Moody, Josh (March 21, 2025). "Columbia Agrees to Trump's Demands". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved April 14, 2025.
  37. ^ a b Moody, Josh (April 14, 2025). "Harvard Resists Trump's Demands". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved April 14, 2025.
  38. ^ Pengelly, Martin (2025-03-19). "Trump administration pauses $175m in funds to UPenn over trans athlete policy". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-04-11.
  39. ^ Bender, Michael C.; Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (2025-04-08). "Trump Administration Freezes $1 Billion for Cornell and $790 Million for Northwestern, Officials Say". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 9 Apr 2025.
  40. ^ a b Singh, Kanishka (April 1, 2025). "Princeton's US grants frozen, follows Trump actions against other schools". Reuters. Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on April 2, 2025. Retrieved April 2, 2025.
  41. ^ Blinder, Alan; Hartocollis, Anemona (April 1, 2025). "Trump Pauses Dozens of Federal Grants to Princeton". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2025. Retrieved April 2, 2025.
  42. ^ a b c Blinder, Alan (2025-04-11). "Trump Has Targeted These Universities. Why?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 9 Apr 2025.
  43. ^ Staff, A. O. L. (2025-04-14). "Harvard rejects Trump admin demands that must be met to receive federal funding". www.aol.com. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  44. ^ a b Schmidt, Michael S.; Bender, Michael C. (April 18, 2025). "Trump Officials Blame Mistake for Setting Off Confrontation With Harvard". The New York Times.
  45. ^ a b Saul, Stephanie (April 21, 2025). "Harvard Sues Trump Administration Over Threats to Cut Funding". The New York Times. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
  46. ^ "Trump officials cut billions in Harvard funds after university defies demands". The Guardian. April 14, 2025. Retrieved April 14, 2025.
  47. ^ Bogage, Jacob; Stein, Jeff (April 16, 2025). "Trump administration asks IRS to revoke Harvard's tax-exempt status". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
  48. ^ Aleaziz, Hamed; Broadwater, Luke; Saul, Stephanie (2025-04-17). "Trump Threatens to Block Harvard From Enrolling International Students". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  49. ^ Rose, Taylor Romine, Nouran Salahieh, Hanna Park, Andy (2025-04-17). "DHS threatens to revoke Harvard's eligibility to host foreign students amid broader battle over universities' autonomy". CNN. Retrieved 2025-04-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  50. ^ Bhuiyan, Johana (April 21, 2025). "Harvard sues Trump administration over efforts to 'gain control of academic decision-making'". The Guardian. Retrieved April 21, 2025.
  51. ^ Grumbach, Gary; Stelloh, Tim (April 21, 2025). "Harvard sues federal government after Trump administration slashed billions in funding". NBC News. Retrieved April 21, 2025.
  52. ^ Speri, Alice (April 22, 2025). "Over 150 US university presidents sign letter decrying Trump administration". The Guardian. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
  53. ^ "Big Ten schools creating a 'mutual defense compact' against Trump actions". The Hill.
  54. ^ Kozlov, Max; Ryan, Chris. "How Trump is Slashing Health Research, in 4 Charts". Scientific American. Retrieved 2025-04-16.
  55. ^ "Trump orders cause chaos at science agencies". www.science.org. Retrieved 2025-04-16.
  56. ^ Harvey, Chelsea. "Government Agencies, Universities, Nonprofits Pause Critical Work Over Trump Administration Executive Orders". Scientific American. Retrieved 2025-04-16.
  57. ^ Timmer, John (2025-04-09). "Trump administration's attack on university research accelerates". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2025-04-16.
  58. ^ Cochran, Lexi Lonas (15 April 2025). "Trump's fight with higher education reaches a tipping point with Harvard defiance". The Hill.
  59. ^ Singer, Ethan (February 2, 2025). "Thousands of U.S. Government Web Pages Have Been Taken Down Since Friday". The New York Times.
  60. ^ Calma, Justine (2025-01-31). "Donald Trump's data purge has begun". The Verge. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  61. ^ Baldor, Lolita C. (2025-04-01). "Naval Academy removes nearly 400 books from library in new DEI purge ordered by Hegseth's office". AP News. Retrieved 2025-04-05.
  62. ^ Ismay, John (2025-04-11). "Who's In and Who's Out at the Naval Academy's Library?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-04-12.
  63. ^ Glenza, Jessica (2025-03-31). "More than 1,900 scientists write letter in 'SOS' over Trump's attacks on science". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-04-03.
  64. ^ "Three-quarters of US scientists are considering leaving thanks to DOGE cuts: poll". The Independent. 2025-03-30. Retrieved 2025-04-16.
  65. ^ "Which countries would benefit most from an American brain drain?". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2025-04-16.
  66. ^ Tait, Robert (2025-03-25). "US academic groups sue White House over planned deportations of pro-Gaza students". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-03-26.
  67. ^ Souza, Andy Rose, Gloria Pazmino, Sabrina (2025-03-24). "Trump administration accuses pro-Palestinian activist Mahmoud Khalil of hiding info on his green card application". CNN. Retrieved 2025-03-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  68. ^ "A look at who has been detained or deported in a US crackdown on mostly pro-Palestinian protesters". Associated Press. March 28, 2025. Retrieved March 28, 2025.
  69. ^ Linton, Caroline (2025-03-27). "Marco Rubio says 300 student visas have been revoked, including detentions at Tufts, Columbia and more". CBS News. Retrieved 2025-04-04.
  70. ^ Gedeon, Joseph (March 27, 2025). "Rubio boasts of canceling more than 300 visas over pro-Palestine protests". The Guardian. Retrieved March 27, 2025.
  71. ^ Caputo, Marc (2025-03-06). "Scoop: State Dept. to use AI to revoke visas of foreign students who appear "pro-Hamas"". Axios. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  72. ^ "US to revoke student visas over 'pro-Hamas' social media posts flagged by AI – report". The Guardian. 2025-03-07. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  73. ^ "US to screen social media of immigrants, rights advocates raise concerns". Reuters. April 9, 2025.
  74. ^ "DHS to screen social media of visa applicants for 'antisemitic activity'". ABC News. April 9, 2025.
  75. ^ Gedeon, Joseph (March 28, 2025). "US issues broad order to consulates to vet student visas over 'terrorist activity'". The Guardian. Retrieved March 28, 2025.
  76. ^ Goldstein, Dana (March 16, 2025). "Brown University Professor Is Deported Despite a Judge's Order". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 20, 2025.
  77. ^ Offenhartz, Jake (March 9, 2025). "Immigration agents arrest Palestinian activist who helped lead Columbia University protests". Associated Press. Retrieved March 10, 2025.
  78. ^ "Pro-Palestinian student protester detained by US immigration officials, says lawyer". BBC News. March 10, 2025. Archived from the original on March 10, 2025. Retrieved March 10, 2025.
  79. ^ "ICE arrests Palestinian activist who helped lead Columbia protests, lawyer says". The Guardian. March 9, 2025. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved March 10, 2025.
  80. ^ Valdez, Jonah (2025-03-13). "The Legal Argument That Could Set Mahmoud Khalil Free". The Intercept. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  81. ^ Popli, Nik (2025-03-10). "What to Know About Mahmoud Khalil and His Green Card Status". TIME. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Education_policy_of_the_second_Donald_Trump_administration&oldid=1287897310"