Jump to content

Impeachment of Sara Duterte

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Impeachment of Sara Duterte
Sara Duterte
AccusedSara Duterte, 15th Vice President of the Philippines
DateFebruary 5, 2025 ⁠–⁠ present
(1 day)
OutcomeImpeached by the House of Representatives
Charges
  • Culpable violation of the Constitution[1]
  • Betrayal of public trust[1]
  • Graft and corruption[1]
  • Other high crimes [1]
Cause
Impeachment vote by the House of Representatives
(February 5, 2025)
Votes in favor
215 / 306 (70%)
Not voting
91 / 306 (30%)
ResultImpeachment successful, currently being processed
Decision by Senate sitting as Impeachment Court (To be scheduled)
ResultPending

In December 2024, four impeachment complaints were formally filed against Sara Duterte, the vice president of the Philippines under President Bongbong Marcos. The measure was approved by the House of Representatives on February 5, 2025, paving the way for a trial to proceed in the Senate. Duterte became the first vice president of the Philippines to be impeached, but will continue to hold office pending a final verdict by the Senate.

Background

[edit]

Relationship between Marcos and Duterte

[edit]
See also: Sara Duterte § Rift with Marcos and the House

Bongbong Marcos and Sara Duterte were elected as president and vice president, respectively, in the 2022 Philippine election as part of the UniTeam alliance.[2]

Duterte was appointed as Marcos' first secretary of education after they both took office in mid-2022,[3] although she preferred to be secretary of defense.[4] Over the next two years, Duterte's relationship with Marcos' allies deteriorated, particularly with House Speaker Martin Romualdez and first lady Liza Araneta.[3] She resigned in May 2023 from Lakas–CMD where she served as chairperson. Lakas is part of the ruling coalition.[5][6] In January 2024, President Marcos insisted that the UniTeam is still "vibrant", referring to his working relationship with his deputy.[7] Duterte tendered resignation from her position as education secretary in June 2024.[8] When asked about her friendship with Marcos in September 2024, she said they were never friends and merely running mates in the 2022 elections.[9] Marcos responded expressing he was "deceived" about their supposed friendship.[10] In October 2024, she detailed her fallout with Marcos, who she says "does not know how to be president".[11][12]

Assassination threat

[edit]

During a midnight press conference on November 22, 2024, initiated by Zuleika T. Lopez, Duterte claimed to have spoken with a contract killer to target President Marcos, his wife Liza, and House Speaker Romualdez in the event of her assassination, which the administration deemed an "active threat" against the government.[13][14] She made the statement in response to a vlogger's question over her security.[15] At the time, Duterte had been resisting the transfer of Lopez by House authorities to the Correctional Institution for Women.[16][17] Duterte later clarified that her remarks were not serious threats but rather a reflection of her fear for her personal safety after hearing threats against her.[18][19]

On November 29, Marcos confirmed that he had directed the House of Representatives to refrain from filing an impeachment motion against Sara Duterte. This is despite his rift with Duterte which he described as a "a storm in a teacup" and maintained that any potential effort to impeach his deputy would be a waste of time that it "does not make a difference to even one single Filipino life.".[20]

Confidential funds controversy

[edit]
Duterte (far right) refused to take an oath at a congressional hearing on her office's budget utilization in September 2024.
This section is an excerpt from Sara Duterte § Confidential funds controversy.[edit]

In 2022 and 2023, Duterte made use of confidential and intelligence funds for both the OVP and DepEd; the OVP under her predecessor did not make use of confidential funds. According to Duterte's chief of staff, due to the OVP's compartmentalized structure, she handled her confidential funds in direct coordination with her office's special disbursing officer Gina F. Acosta without any intermediary.[21][22][23]

In 2024, the lower chamber's Committee on Good Government started investigations against the vice president's alleged misuse of funds after the approval of the 2025 OVP budget was deferred. On September 25, a former DepEd undersecretary alleged that Duterte gave out cash gifts worth ₱50 thousand monthly;[24] later on, another former official also came forward, claiming that they received similar envelopes but had stopped by late 2023, around the same time the issue of confidential funds was raised.[25] By November 2024, acknowledgement receipts from her offices submitted to the COA were revealed. Several lawmakers have expressed their doubts on the authenticity of the receipts, highlighting irregularities such as uncommon and allegedly fictitious names as well as discrepancies in the dates and signatures.[26][27] Duterte claimed that she has not seen the receipts.[28] On December 9, 2024, the Philippine Statistics Authority reported that the names of 60% of the 677 individuals that were named as recipients of confidential funds from DepEd had no records in the national civil registry.[29]

South China Sea

[edit]
This section is an excerpt from Sara Duterte § Foreign issues.[edit]
Duterte has been noted for not issuing explicit statements on the dispute between the Philippines and China in the South China Sea. She has declined to comment on the matter, instead deferring people to the Department of Foreign Affairs and the Department of National Defense when queried on such matters.[30][31] For this, she received criticism by some officials, including by allies of Marcos in the House of Representatives[32][33] and Philippine Coast Guard spokesperson for the West Philippine Sea Jay Tarriela.[34][35] President Bongbong Marcos defended Duterte, saying "that's not the role of the Vice President or the Secretary of Education to talk about China".[36]

Prior impeachment plans

[edit]

The Makabayan bloc considered filing an impeachment case against Duterte back in August 2023 over alleged misuse of confidential funds of the Office of the Vice President for 2022.[37] The plan was later judged as "premature".[38]

In August 2024, Sara Duterte said she expects an impeachment case to be filed against her following her fallout with the president and information she heard from allies within the lower house.[39] In September 2024, Bagong Alyansang Makabayan has described impeachment of Duterte as necessary over her use of confidential funds in 2022 and 2023.[40] In the same month, the House of Representatives have denied any plot to file an impeachment complaint.[41]

Complaints

[edit]

December 2024 complaints

[edit]

In December 2, 2024, the first formal impeachment case was lodged against Vice President Sara Duterte.[42] The complaint listed 24 articles which was categorized in four points: graft and corruption, bribery, betrayal of public trust, and other high crimes.[43] Aside from corruption, other cited reasons include her alleged role in the extrajudicial killings of the drug suspects and failure to make a stance against China's aggressive sovereignty claims in the South China Sea dispute.[42]

The second impeachment complaint against Duterte was filed on December 4, 2024, by 70 activists led by the Bagong Alyansang Makabayan.[44][45] They cited a single reason which is betrayal of public trust over the illegal use and mishandling of confidential funds. Duterte is accused of committing "gross abuse of discretionary powers" over the ₱612.5 million confidential funds of the Office of the Vice President and the Department of Education.[44][46][47]

On December 5, 2024, House Secretary General Reginald Velasco disclosed that a third complaint by select members of the House of Representatives is being prepared.[48] The complaint was filed by a group of religious workers, lawyers and civil society workers in the House of Representatives against Duterte on December 19 for betrayal of public trust.[49]

House of Representatives

[edit]
Signatures of members of the House of Representatives who voted to impeach Vice President Sara Duterte.

On February 5, 2025, 215 members of the House of Representatives signed an impeachment complaint against Duterte on charges that include corruption, plotting to assassinate President Bongbong Marcos, involvement in extrajudicial killings and incitement to insurrection and public disorder. The impeachment complaint has attained at least 102 signatures, or 1/3rds of the House of Representatives as required in the Constitution. With the signature threshold reached, the impeachment complaint constitutes as the formal Articles of Impeachment against Duterte and was transmitted to the Senate without a plenary vote. This marks the fourth complaint filed against Duterte.[50]

The six major allegations are:

  1. Conspiracy to Assassinate President Marcos, First Lady Marcos, and Speaker Romualdez
  2. Malversation of ₱612.5 Million in Confidential Funds
  3. Bribery and Corruption in DepEd
  4. Unexplained Wealth and Failure to Disclose Assets
  5. Involvement in Extrajudicial Killings (Davao Death Squad)
  6. Destabilization, Insurrection, and Public Disorder
Members of the House of Representatives who signed the impeachment complaint against Vice President Sara Duterte
No. Representative Party District Bloc
1 Sandro Marcos PFP Ilocos Norte–1st Majority
2 Aurelio Gonzales Jr. Lakas Pampanga–3rd Majority
3 Manuel Jose Dalipe Lakas Zamboanga City–2nd Majority
4 Jurdin Jesus Romualdo Lakas Camiguin Majority
5 David C. Suarez Lakas Quezon–2nd Majority
6 Jay Khonghun Lakas Zambales–1st Majority
7 Anna Villaraza-Suarez ALONA Party-list Majority
8 Paolo Ortega Lakas La Union–1st Majority
9 Rodge Gutierrez 1-Rider Party-list Minority
10 Yasser Balindong Lakas Lanao del Sur–2nd Majority
11 Lex Anthony Colada AAMBIS-Owa Party-list Minority
12 Joseph Stephen Paduano Abang Lingkod Party-list Minority
13 Jude Acidre Tingog Party-list Majority
14 Dan Fernandez NUP Santa Rosa Majority
15 Zia Alonto Adiong Lakas Lanao del Sur–1st Majority
16 Yedda Marie Romualdez Tingog Party-list Majority
17 Pammy Zamora Lakas Taguig Majority
18 Janette Garin Lakas Iloilo–1st Majority
19 Marvin Rillo Lakas Quezon City–4th Majority
20 Raul Tupas Lakas Iloilo–5th Majority
21 Ernix Dionisio Lakas Manila–1st Majority
22 Irwin Tieng Lakas Manila–5th Majority
23 Fidel Nograles Lakas Rizal–4th Majority
24 Rolando Valeriano NUP Manila–2nd Majority
25 Wowo Fortes NPC Sorsogon–2nd Majority
26 Emeng Pascual Lakas Nueva Ecija–4th Majority
27 Presley de Jesus PHILRECA Party-list Minority
28 Ace Barbers Nacionalista Surigao del Norte–2nd Majority
29 Sergio Dagooc APEC Party-list Minority
30 Amben Amante Lakas Laguna–3rd Majority
31 Rommel T. Angara LDP Aurora Majority
32 Wilter Palma Lakas Zamboanga Sibugay–1st Majority
33 Solomon Chungalao NPC Ifugao Majority
34 Miguel Luis Villafuerte NUP Camarines Sur–5th Majority
35 Ando Oaminal Lakas Misamis Occidental–2nd Majority
36 Mike Dy III Lakas Isabela–5th Majority
37 Michael Morden API Party-list Majority
38 Allen Jesse Mangaoang Nacionalista Kalinga Majority
39 Alfredo Marañon III NUP Negros Occidental–2nd Majority
40 Peter Miguel Lakas South Cotabato–2nd Majority
41 Carlito Marquez NPC Aklan–1st Majority
42 Dante Garcia Lakas La Union–2nd Majority
43 Gerardo Espina Jr. Lakas Biliran Majority
44 Lorenz Defensor NUP Iloilo–3rd Majority
45 Gerardo Valmayor Jr. NPC Negros Occidental–1st Majority
46 Nicanor Briones AGAP Party-list Majority
47 Ann Matibag Lakas Laguna–1st Majority
48 Irene Gay Saulog Kalinga Party-list Majority
49 Ray T. Reyes Anakalusugan Party-list Majority
50 Tawi Billones Liberal Capiz–1st Majority
51 Jun Gato NPC Batanes Majority
52 Danny Domingo NUP Bulacan–1st Majority
53 Neptali Gonzales II NUP Mandaluyong Majority
54 Fernando Cabredo NUP Albay–3rd Majority
55 Mohamad Paglas Lakas Maguindanao del Sur Majority
56 Teodorico Haresco Jr. Nacionalista Aklan–2nd Majority
57 Jonathan Clement Abalos 4Ps Party-list Minority
58 Rodolfo Ordanes Senior Citizens Party-list Majority
59 Salvador Pleyto Lakas Bulacan–6th Majority
60 Ambrosio Cruz Lakas Bulacan–5th Majority
61 Milagros Aquino-Magsaysay United Senior Citizens Party-list Majority
62 Gabriel Bordado Liberal Camarines Sur–3rd Minority
63 Marivic Co-Pilar NUP Quezon City–6th Majority
64 Mitzi Cajayon Lakas Caloocan–2nd Majority
65 Harris Ongchuan NUP Northern Samar–2nd Minority
66 Paul Daza NUP Northern Samar–1st Minority
67 Ed Lumayag PFP South Cotabato–1st Majority
68 Leo Rodriguez PFP Catanduanes Majority
69 Carmelo Lazatin II Lakas Pampanga–1st Majority
70 Joseph Tan Lakas Isabela–4th Majority
71 Kristine Singson-Meehan NPC Ilocos Sur–2nd Majority
72 Ed Christopher Go Lakas Isabela–2nd Majority
73 Joel Chua Lakas Manila–3rd Majority
74 Marjorie Ann Teodoro NUP Marikina–1st Majority
75 Manuel Sagarbarria NPC Negros Oriental–2nd Majority
76 Zaldy Villa Lakas Siquijor Majority
77 Ysabel Zamora Lakas San Juan Majority
78 Inno Dy Lakas Isabela–6th Majority
79 Franz Pumaren NUP Quezon City–3rd Majority
80 Juliet Marie Ferrer NUP Negros Occidental–4th Majority
81 Luis Raymund Villafuerte NUP Camarines Sur–2nd Majority
82 Roberto Puno NUP Antipolo–1st Majority
83 Bing Maniquiz Lakas Zambales–2nd Majority
84 Marissa Magsino OFW Party-list Minority
85 Geraldine Roman Lakas Bataan–1st Majority
86 Crispin Diego Remulla NUP Cavite–7th Majority
87 Roy Loyola NPC Cavite–5th Majority
88 Antonino Calixto Lakas Pasay Majority
89 Romeo Momo Nacionalista Surigao del Sur–1st Majority
90 Celso Regencia Lakas Iligan Majority
91 Lorna Silverio NUP Bulacan–3rd Majority
92 Ching Bernos Lakas Abra Majority
93 Benny Abante NUP Manila–6th Majority
94 Eleanor Begtang NPC Apayao Majority
95 Baby Alfonso Lakas Cagayan–2nd Majority
96 Josefina Tallado Lakas Camarines Norte–1st Majority
97 Augustina Dominique Pancho NUP Bulacan–2nd Majority
98 Jose Teves Jr. TGP Party-list Majority
99 Francisco Jose Matugas II Lakas Surigao del Norte–1st Majority
100 James Ang Jr. Uswag Ilonggo Party-list Majority
101 Jane Castro Lakas Capiz–2nd Majority
102 Alan Ecleo Lakas Dinagat Islands Majority
103 Antonio Ferrer NUP Cavite–6th Majority
104 Maria Angela Garcia NUP Bataan–3rd Majority
105 Ton Acharon NPC General Santos Majority
106 Steve Solon Lakas Sarangani Majority
107 Keith Micah Tan NPC Quezon–4th Majority
108 Reynante Arrogancia NPC Quezon–3rd Minority
109 Ricardo Cruz Jr. Nacionalista Taguig–Pateros Majority
110 Ralph Tulfo PFP Quezon City–2nd Majority
111 Dean Asistio Lakas Caloocan–3rd Majority
112 Dimszar Sali NUP Tawi-Tawi Majority
113 Ronald Singson NPC Ilocos Sur–1st Majority
114 Hori Horibata NUP Camarines Sur–1st Majority
115 Julienne Baronda Lakas Iloilo City Majority
116 Ivan Howard Guintu PINUNO Party-list Majority
117 Arjo Atayde Nacionalista Quezon City–1st Majority
118 Edgar Chatto NUP Bohol–1st Majority
119 Vanvan Aumentado Lakas Bohol–2nd Majority
120 Alexie Tutor Lakas Bohol–3rd Majority
121 Mark Enverga NPC Quezon–1st Majority
122 Pinpin Uy Lakas Zamboanga del Norte–1st Majority
123 Alfel Bascug NUP Agusan del Sur–1st Majority
124 Christian Unabia Lakas Misamis Oriental–1st Majority
125 Lordan Suan Lakas Cagayan de Oro–1st Majority
126 Yevgeny Emano Nacionalista Misamis Oriental–2nd Majority
127 Joselito Sacdalan NPC Cotabato–1st Majority
128 Albert Garcia NUP Bataan–2nd Majority
129 Patrick Michael Vargas Lakas Quezon City–5th Majority
130 Jose Aquino II Lakas Agusan del Norte–1st Majority
131 France Castro ACT Teachers Party-list Minority
132 Jam Agarao PFP Laguna–4th Majority
133 Arlene Brosas Gabriela Party-list Minority
134 Raoul Manuel Kabataan Party-list Minority
135 Anna Veloso Tuazon NUP Leyte–3rd Majority
136 Cha Hernandez Lakas Calamba Majority
137 Jaime Cojuangco NPC Tarlac–1st Majority
138 Victoria Yu Lakas Zamboanga del Sur–2nd Majority
139 Munir Arbison Jr. Lakas Sulu–2nd Majority
140 Angelica Natasha Co BHW Party-list Majority
141 Perci Cendaña Akbayan Party-list Minority
142 John Tracy Cagas Nacionalista Davao del Sur Majority
143 Joseph Gilbert Violago NUP Nueva Ecija–2nd Majority
144 Edwin Olivarez Lakas Parañaque–1st Majority
145 Stella Quimbo Lakas Marikina–2nd Majority
146 Gustavo Tambunting NUP Parañaque–2nd Majority
147 Mercedes Lansang NPC Negros Occidental–6th Majority
148 Mika Suansing Lakas Nueva Ecija–1st Majority
149 Rachel del Mar NPC Cebu City–1st Majority
150 Peter John Calderon NPC Cebu–7th Majority
151 Jocelyn Limkaichong NPC Negros Oriental–1st Majority
152 Janice Salimbangon NUP Cebu–4th Majority
153 Rhea Gullas Lakas Cebu–1st Majority
154 Daphne Lagon Lakas Cebu–6th Majority
155 Dimple Mastura Lakas Maguindanao del Norte Majority
156 Edsel Galeos Lakas Cebu–2nd Majority
157 Johnny Pimentel NUP Surigao del Sur–2nd Majority
158 Emmarie Dizon Lakas Mandaue Majority
159 Eddiebong Plaza NUP Agusan del Sur–2nd Majority
160 Christopherson Yap Lakas Southern Leyte–2nd Majority
161 Jason Almonte Nacionalista Misamis Occidental–1st Majority
162 Mario Vittorio Mariño Nacionalista Batangas–5th Majority
163 Romeo Acop NUP Antipolo–2nd Majority
164 Maximo Dalog Jr. Nacionalista Mountain Province Majority
165 Jonathan Keith Flores Nacionalista Bukidnon–2nd Majority
166 Marcelino Libanan 4Ps Party-list Minority
167 Laarni Roque Nacionalista Bukidnon–4th Majority
168 Mark Go Nacionalista Baguio Majority
169 Tata Eudela Lakas Zamboanga Sibugay–2nd Majority
170 Luz Mercado Lakas Southern Leyte–1st Majority
171 Maria Fe Abunda Lakas Eastern Samar Majority
172 Joseph Lara Lakas Cagayan–3rd Majority
173 Maria Theresa Collantes NPC Batangas–3rd Majority
174 Arnan Panaligan Lakas Oriental Mindoro–1st Majority
175 Felimon Espares Coop-NATCCO Party-list Minority
176 Lucille Nava NUP Guimaras Majority
177 Glona Labadlabad Lakas Zamboanga del Norte–2nd Majority
178 Odie Tarriela PFP Occidental Mindoro Majority
179 Eleandro Jesus Madrona Nacionalista Romblon Majority
180 Divina Grace Yu Lakas Zamboanga del Sur–1st Majority
181 Raul Angelo Bongalon Ako Bicol Party-list Majority
182 Gerville Luistro Lakas Batangas–2nd Majority
183 Jose Manuel Alba Lakas Bukidnon–1st Majority
184 Luisa Cuaresma UNA Nueva Vizcaya Majority
185 Allan Ty LPGMA Party-list Majority
186 Oscar Malapitan Nacionalista Caloocan–1st Majority
187 Aminah Dimaporo Lakas Lanao del Norte–2nd Majority
188 Jernie Jett Nisay Pusong Pinoy Party-list Majority
189 Ian Amatong Liberal Zamboanga del Norte–3rd Majority
190 Maria Rachel Arenas Lakas Pangasinan–3rd Majority
191 Marlyn Primicias-Agabas PFP Pangasinan–6th Majority
192 Linabelle Villarica PFP Bulacan–4th Majority
193 Eric Buhain Nacionalista Batangas–1st Majority
194 Christopher de Venecia Lakas Pangasinan–4th Majority
195 Cynthia Chan Lakas Lapu-Lapu City Majority
196 Arnulf Bryan Fuentebella NPC Camarines Sur–4th Majority
197 Raymond Mendoza TUCP Party-list Majority
198 Roman Romulo NPC Pasig Majority
199 Mark Cojuangco NPC Pangasinan–2nd Majority
200 Ferjenel Biron Nacionalista Iloilo–4th Majority
201 Samier Tan Lakas Sulu–1st Majority
202 Anna York Bondoc Nacionalista Pampanga–4th Majority
203 Jaime Fresnedi Liberal Muntinlupa Majority
204 Tirso Edwin Gardiola CWS Party-list Majority
205 Lolita Javier Nacionalista Leyte–2nd Majority
206 Michael Gorriceta Nacionalista Iloilo–2nd Majority
207 Jorge Antonio Bustos PATROL Party-list Majority
208 Duke Frasco NUP Cebu–5th Majority
209 Aniela Tolentino NUP Cavite–8th Majority
210 Jocelyn Tulfo ACT-CIS Party-list Majority
211 Greg Gasataya NPC Bacolod Majority
212 Ruth Hernandez Lakas Laguna–2nd Majority
213 Maria Alana Samantha Santos Lakas Cotabato–3rd Majority
214 Florida Robes PFP San Jose del Monte Majority
215 Martin Romualdez Lakas Leyte–1st Majority
Members of the House of Representatives who did not sign the impeachment complaint while still in office against Vice President Sara Duterte
No. Representative Party District Bloc
1 Adrian Jay Advincula NUP Cavite–3rd Majority
2 Tonypet Albano Lakas Isabela–1st Majority
3 Cheeno Almario Lakas Davao Oriental–2nd Majority
4 Len Alonte Lakas Biñan Majority
5 Jose Alvarez NPC Palawan–2nd Majority
6 Pantaleon Alvarez Reporma Davao del Norte–1st Minority
7 Eugenio Angelo Barba Nacionalista Ilocos Norte–2nd Majority
8 Claudine Bautista-Lim DUMPER PTDA Party-list Majority
9 Claude Bautista NPC Davao Occidental Majority
10 Lianda Bolilia Nacionalista Batangas–4th Majority
11 Bonifacio Bosita 1-Rider Party-list Minority
12 Luis Campos Jr. NPC Makati–2nd Minority
13 Rudy Caoagdan Nacionalista Cotabato–2nd Majority
14 Drixie Mae Cardema Duterte Youth Party-list Majority
15 Carl Cari Lakas Leyte–5th Majority
16 Arthur Celeste Nacionalista Pangasinan–1st Majority
17 Elizaldy Co Ako Bicol Party-list Majority
18 Dale Corvera Lakas Agusan del Norte–1st Majority
19 Midy Cua Lakas Quirino Majority
20 Nelson Dayanghirang Nacionalista Davao Oriental–1st Majority
21 Alfred delos Santos Ang Probinsyano Party-list Majority
22 Mohamad Khalid Dimaporo Lakas Lanao del Norte–1st Majority
23 Jack Duavit NPC Rizal–1st Majority
24 Alan Dujali Lakas Davao del Norte–2nd Majority
25 Paolo Duterte HTL Davao City–1st Majority
26 Ian Paul Dy Lakas Isabela–3rd Majority
27 Dette Escudero NPC Sorsogon–1st Majority
28 Robert Raymond Estrella Abono Party-list Majority
29 Rudys Caesar Fariñas Probinsyano Ako Party-list Majority
30 Jose Arturo Garcia Jr. NPC Rizal–3rd Majority
31 Pablo John Garcia NUP Cebu–3rd Majority
32 Vincent Garcia Lakas Davao City–2nd Majority
33 Anthony Rolando Golez Jr. Malasakit@Bayanihan Party-list Majority
34 Richard Gomez PFP Leyte–4th Majority
35 Ruwel Peter Gonzaga PFP Davao de Oro–2nd Majority
36 Carlo Lisandro Gonzales Marino Party-list Majority
37 Ramon Guico Jr. Lakas Pangasinan–5th Majority
38 Mujiv Hataman Liberal Basilan Minority
39 Bernadette Herrera BH Party-list Minority
40 Ara Kho Lakas Masbate–2nd Majority
41 Richard Kho Lakas Masbate–1st Majority
42 Wilton Kho Lakas Masbate–3rd Majority
43 Virgilio Lacson Manila Teachers Party-list Majority
44 Josephine Lacson-Noel NPC Malabon Majority
45 Sonny Lagon Ako Bisaya Party-list Majority
46 Wilbert T. Lee AGRI Party-list Minority
47 Antonio Legarda Jr. NPC Antique Majority
48 Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas Pampanga–2nd Majority
49 Edward Maceda NPC Manila–4th Majority
50 Rodante Marcoleta SAGIP Party-list Majority
51 Eric Martinez Independent Valenzuela–2nd Majority
52 Lani Mercado Lakas Cavite–2nd Majority
53 Migs Nograles PBA Party-list Majority
54 Ramon Nolasco Jr. Lakas Cagayan–1st Majority
55 Khymer Adan Olaso Nacionalista Zamboanga City–1st Majority
56 Jose Gay Padiernos GP Party Party-list Majority
57 Rosemarie Panotes Lakas Camarines Norte–1st Majority
58 Kid Peña NPC Makati–1st Majority
59 Eduardo Rama Jr. Lakas Cebu City–2nd Majority
60 Bryan Revilla Agimat Party-list Majority
61 Jolo Revilla Lakas Cavite–1st Majority
62 Bong Rivera NPC Tarlac–3rd Majority
63 Rufus Rodriguez CDP Cagayan de Oro–2nd Majority
64 Mikee Romero 1-PACMAN Party-list Majority
65 Rihan Sakaluran Lakas Sultan Kudarat–1st Majority
66 Joey Salceda Lakas Albay–2nd Majority
67 Ron Salo KABAYAN Party-list Majority
68 Richelle Singson-Michael Ako Ilocano Ako Party-list Majority
69 Horacio Suansing Jr. NUP Sultan Kudarat–2nd Majority
70 Reynaldo Tamayo ANGAT Party-list Majority
71 Shernee Tan Kusug Tausug Party-list Majority
72 Stephen James Tan Nacionalista Samar–1st Minority
73 Reynolds Michael Tan Lakas Samar–2nd Minority
74 Caroline Tanchay SAGIP Party-list Majority
75 Dino Tanjuatco NPC Rizal–2nd Majority
76 Toby Tiangco Navoteño Navotas Majority
77 Erwin Tulfo ACT-CIS Party-list Majority
78 Alfonso Umali Jr. Liberal Oriental Mindoro–2nd Majority
79 Isidro Ungab HTL Davao City–3rd Majority
80 Lord Allan Velasco NPC Marinduque Majority
81 Rosanna Vergara PFP Nueva Ecija–3rd Majority
82 Sam Verzosa Tutok To Win Party-list Majority
83 Eddie Villanueva CIBAC Party-list Majority
84 Camille Villar Nacionalista Las Piñas Majority
85 Brian Yamsuan Bicol Saro Party-list Minority
86 Christian Yap Sama Sama Tarlac Tarlac–2nd Majority
87 Edvic G. Yap ACT-CIS Party-list Majority
88 Eric Yap Lakas Benguet Majority
89 Dino Yulo Lakas Negros Occidental–5th Majority
90 Maricar Zamora Lakas Davao de Oro–1st Majority
91 Jose Maria Zubiri Jr. PFP Bukidnon–3rd Majority
Members of the House of Representatives Who Did Not Sign the Impeachment Complaint and Are No Longer in Office Against Vice President Sara Duterte
No. Representative Party District Bloc
1 Edcel Lagman [Insert Party Name] [Insert District] [Insert Bloc]
2 Rex Gatchalian [Insert Party Name] [Insert District] [Insert Bloc]
3 Ralph Recto [Insert Party Name] [Insert District] [Insert Bloc]
4 Egay Lim Salvame [Insert Party Name] [Insert District] [Insert Bloc]
5 Edward Hagedorn [Insert Party Name] [Insert District] [Insert Bloc]
6 Arnolfo Teves Jr. [Insert Party Name] [Insert District] [Insert Bloc]

Impeachment court

[edit]

The Senate received the House of Representative complaint filed on February 5, 2025 which also coincides with the last day of Senate session. The Articles of Impeachment was received by Senate secretary Renato Bantug at 5:49 p.m. but it was not reported to the plenary before it adjourned before 7:00 p.m.[51]

The Senate is obliged to convene as an impeachment court to process the complaint but there is no schedule yet.[50] It will resume session on June 2, 2025 but there is a possibility the Senate could still convene during the break.[51] However Senate president Chiz Escudero maintained that a trial cannot be "legally" started during this period since he believe that there has to be an ongoing session for the Senate to convene as an impeachment court.[52] Senate minority leader Koko Pimentel said that the course of the impeachment could be affected by the fact that the terms of 12 of the chamber's members are due to end on June 30, along with the results of the 2025 Philippine Senate election on May 12.[53]

Officers

[edit]

The House of Representatives named 11 of its members who will serve as prosecutors. They will defend the lower house' motion to impeach Vice President Duterte before the Senate acting as the impeachment court.[54] Senate president Chiz Escudero is expected to serve as the presiding officer of the trial.[50]

Prosecutors

[edit]
Prosecutors[54]
Gerville Luistro
(Batangas, 2nd District) 		Romeo Acop
(Antipolo, 2nd District) 		Ramon Gutierrez
(1-Rider) 		Joel Chua
(Manila, 3rd District) 		Raul Angelo Bongalon
(Ako Bicol) 		Loreto Acharon
(General Santos, Lone District)
GERVILLE_LUISTRO.jpg
Rep._Romeo_Acop_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep._Ramon_Rodrigo_Gutierrez_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep._Joel_Chua_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep. Raul Angelo Bongalon (19th Congress) (cropped).jpg
Rep. Loreto Acharon (19th Congress).jpg
Marcelino Libanan
(4Ps) 		Arnan Panaligan
(Oriental Mindoro, 1st District) 		Ysabel Zamora
(San Juan, Lone District) 		Lorenz Defensor
(Iloilo, 3rd District) 		Jonathan Keith Flores
(Bukidnon, 2nd District)
Rep._Marcelino_Libanan_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep._Arnan_Panaligan_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep._Ysabel_Maria_Zamora_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep._Lorenz_Defensor_(19th_Congress).jpg
Rep._Jonathan_Keith_Flores_(19th_Congress).jpg

Duterte's counsel

[edit]

In December 2024, Sara Duterte's father and former president Rodrigo Duterte offered to be part of the defense team.[55]

Decision

[edit]

If 16 out of the sitting 23 senators voted Duterte to be liable in one of the impeachable offenses, Duterte will be removed as vice president and be perpetually disqualified from holding any public office.[56]

Senator Party Bloc Article of Impeachment
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
Nancy Binay UNA Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Alan Peter Cayetano Independent Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Pia Cayetano Nacionalista Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Ronald dela Rosa PDP Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
JV Ejercito NPC Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Francis Escudero NPC Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Win Gatchalian NPC Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Bong Go PDP Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Risa Hontiveros Akbayan Minority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Lito Lapid NPC Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Loren Legarda NPC Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Imee Marcos Nacionalista Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Robin Padilla PDP Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Koko Pimentel Nacionalista Minority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Grace Poe Independent Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Bong Revilla Lakas Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Francis Tolentino PFP Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Raffy Tulfo Independent Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Joel Villanueva Independent Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Cynthia Villar Nacionalista Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Mark Villar Nacionalista Majority TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Migz Zubiri Independent Independent TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

Analysis

[edit]

Antonio Soriano of the Citizens' Watch for Good Governance questioned the "shotgun" approach of the impeachment complaint. Soriano says that intent regarding Duterte's threat against the president has to be proven. He also believes that Duterte's action under the capacity of mayor of Davao City can't be used for grounds for her impeachment and details of her alleged misused of confidential funds can't be publicly disclosed.[57] Soriano even speculated that the motions might even benefit a potential electoral bid of Duterte in the upcoming 2028 elections.[57]

The impeachment procedure is seen gaining traction in the House of Representatives, but the same is not certain in the Senate, as a two/thirds supermajority of 16 out of 24 votes is needed to convict Duterte.[57][58]

Ronald Llamas of the Galahad Consulting Agency, and political advisor of former president Benigno Aquino III believes the delaying the impeachment proceedings to after the 2025 mid-term elections would render Marcos a lame-duck president. Llamas said that Marcos' earlier pronouncement to discourage impeachment proceedings can either be taken "at face value" or as a "tactical move"[59] He previously said in August 2024 that formal impeachment proceedings were likely to begin before the 2025 election.[60]

Response

[edit]

The Office of the President on December 3 distanced itself from the issue and reiterated its stance of discouraging any impeachment motion against Duterte, stating that it was the right of private citizens to make such moves.[61] Senate President Chiz Escudero had advised his colleagues not to make public pronouncements about the impeachment complaints.[59]

The Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) on December 4 announced plans to hold a rally to oppose the impeachment efforts concurring with President Marcos' stance in November 2024 that efforts to remove Duterte from office is unconstructive.[62] On January 13, 2025, more than 1.5 million INC members went to the "National Rally for Peace" at the Quirino Grandstand in Manila; 12 simultaneous rallies were also staged across the country.[63][64][65] Among the politicians who attended the rally at the Quirino Grandstand were Manila mayor Honey Lacuna, former Manila mayor Isko Moreno, partylist representative Rodante Marcoleta, and senators Francis Tolentino, Ronald dela Rosa, Bong Go and Robin Padilla.[66][67][68][69] Bisaya Gyud Partylist first nominee Greco Belgica and Senatorial aspirants Jimmy Bondoc and Phillip Salvador, all of whom are Partido Demokratiko Pilipino (PDP) members, also attended the rally with PDP committee heads Astra Pimentel-Naik and Penny Belmonte.[70][71][72] Actress Vivian Velez, a PDP member who has expressed displeasure with Marcos' presidency, was among the rally's attendees, stating to SMNI's Newsblast that "I guess we will only have peace if president Marcos steps down".[73]

If Duterte is convicted, Marcos could select among the qualified members of the House of Representatives and Senate to fill the vacancy.[74] She would also be ineligible to run for any public position in future elections, including the presidency.[75]

Opinion polling

[edit]
Support for Duterte's impeachment (December 12–18, 2024)
according to the Social Weather Stations (SWS)[76]
Region Agree (for impeachment) Disagree (against impeachment) Undecided Don't know enough Net
Philippines (national) 41% 35% 19% 5% +6
National Capital Region 45% 37% 14% 4% +8
Balance Luzon 50% 25% 18% 7% +25
— North Luzon 53% 21% 23% 3% +32
— Central Luzon 44% 31% 18% 8% +13
— South Luzon 52% 24% 16% 8% +28
Visayas 40% 33% 24% 7% +4
Mindanao 22% 56% 18% 4% -34
Locale Agree (for impeachment) Disagree (against impeachment) Undecided Don't know enough Net
Urban 41% 37% 17% 4% +4
Rural 41% 33% 20% 6% +8
Socio-economic class Agree (for impeachment) Disagree (against impeachment) Undecided Don't know enough Net
Classes A, B, C 50% 34% 14% 2% +16
Class D 41% 35% 19% 5% +6
Class E 37% 36% 20% 7% +1
  • Sample size: 2,160, Margin of error: ±2

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Ager, Maila (February 5, 2025). "Senate goes on break without tackling impeach bid vs VP Duterte". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  2. ^ Llemit, Ralph Lawrence G. (March 11, 2024). "Revisiting Uniteam: Sara Duterte, Bongbong Marcos forge alliance amid 2022 election epoch". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  3. ^ a b Panti, Llanesca (June 19, 2024). "Uniteam no more: Timeline of Marcos-Duterte tandem's woes". GMA News. Archived from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  4. ^ "Sara ditches preferred defense post to avoid stability 'intrigues'". BusinessWorld. May 12, 2022. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  5. ^ Galvez, Daphne (May 19, 2023). "Sara Duterte resigns from Lakas-CMD". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  6. ^ De Leon, Dwight (May 19, 2023). "Uniteam no more? House squabble puts spotlight on 2025, 2028 elections". Rappler. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  7. ^ "Marcos: UniTeam still vibrant, still working". GMA News. January 30, 2024. Archived from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  8. ^ Tulad, Victoria (June 20, 2024). "'Nabasag 'yung UniTeam': Duterte resignation saddens lawmaker" ['UniTeam shaterred': Duterte resignation saddens lawmaker]. ABS-CBN News (in English and Filipino). Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  9. ^ Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (September 18, 2024). "VP Duterte on President Marcos: We're not talking, we're not friends". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 3, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  10. ^ Subingsubing, Krixia (October 12, 2024). "'I was deceived,' Marcos says of VP Sara's 'friendship'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on November 30, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  11. ^ Servallos, Neil Jayson (October 19, 2024). "President Marcos doesn't know how to be president — VP Sara". The Philippine Star. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  12. ^ Chi, Cristina (October 18, 2024). "'Drag me to hell': Sara Duterte gets personal in fiery tell-all vs Marcos". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on November 18, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  13. ^ Domingo, Katrina (November 23, 2024). "VP Duterte's claim of tapping hitman for Marcos Jr. an 'active threat': Malacañang". ABS-CBN News. Manila: ABS-CBN Corporation. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  14. ^ Sigales, Jason (November 23, 2024). "Sara Duterte's kill remark vs Marcos is 'active threat' – Palace". Inquirer News. Manila, Philippines: INQUIRER.net. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  15. ^ Francisco, Abner (November 23, 2024). "Malacañang alerts presidential guards on VP Sara's 'death threats' to PBBM, others". Brigada News Philippines. Brigada Group of Companies. Retrieved November 26, 2024. In a virtual press conference on Saturday morning, Duterte addressed the question from Princess Maui, a Duterte supporter who expressed concern over the security of the vice president.
  16. ^ GMA News (November 23, 2024). "WATCH: House officials read the order to transfer OVP chief of staff Atty. Zuleika Lopez..." Facebook. Meta Platforms, Inc. Retrieved November 29, 2024. House officials read the transfer order twice. First, inside the room of Lopez at the House custodial facility. And the second, from outside while VP Sara Duterte, who says she is lawyering for Lopez, was inside the room.
  17. ^ De Santos, Jonathan (November 23, 2024). "VP Duterte blocks House order to transfer chief-of-staff to Mandaluyong". ABS-CBN News. Manila: ABS-CBN Corporation. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  18. ^ Tonelada, Rachelle (November 24, 2024). "Remark on First Couple, Speaker spawned by security fears — Sara". Manila Standard. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
  19. ^ Peralta-Malonzo, Third Anne (November 24, 2024). "Sara Duterte denies threatening Marcoses, Romualdez". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
  20. ^ Punzalan, Jamaine (November 29, 2024). "Marcos says row with VP Sara Duterte 'a storm in a teacup', tells lawmakers not to file impeachment raps". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on December 11, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  21. ^ House of Representatives (November 20, 2024). COMMITTEE ON GOOD GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY (NOVEMBER 20, 2024). YouTube (in Filipino and English). Google LLC. Event occurs at 3:57:08. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
  22. ^ Flores, Dominique Nicole (November 20, 2024). "OVP, DepEd confidential funds stashed in duffel bags, says bank officials". Philstar.com. Manila, Philippines: Philstar Global Corp. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
  23. ^ Oliquino, Edjen (November 21, 2024). "Sara's aide draws ire of lawmakers". Daily Tribune. Concept and Information Group, Inc. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
  24. ^ Panti, Llanesca T. (September 25, 2024). "Ex-DepEd official: Sara Duterte showered subordinates with money". GMA News Online. Retrieved January 4, 2025.
  25. ^ Javier, Paige (October 17, 2024). "Another DepEd official confirms getting cash during Sara Duterte's term". ABS-CBN News.
  26. ^ Gulla, Vivienne (November 20, 2024). "Solon flags OVP, DepEd receipts under same name but with 'different' signatures". ABS-CBN News.
  27. ^ Magsambol, Bonz (November 5, 2024). "'Fabricated' receipts in Sara Duterte's confidential funds flagged". RAPPLER. Retrieved January 4, 2025.
  28. ^ Ombay, Giselle (November 20, 2024). "Sara Duterte: I haven't seen docs signed by 'Mary Grace Piattos'". GMA News Online. Retrieved January 4, 2025.
  29. ^ Flores, Dominique Nicole. "No record of 60% of 677 alleged DepEd confidential fund recipients — PSA". Philstar.com. Retrieved January 4, 2025.
  30. ^ Mendoza, John Eric (June 18, 2024). "VP Duterte slammed for 'silence' amid injuries in latest Ayungin incident". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 20, 2024. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  31. ^ Mendoza, John Eric (April 8, 2024). "VP Sara told: 'No comment' on China's bullying means 'no love' for PH". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 25, 2024. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  32. ^ WATCH: VP Sara Duterte delivers message at China's 74th PRC founding anniversary. ANC 24/7. September 22, 2023. Archived from the original on June 22, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024 – via YouTube.
  33. ^ "Will Philippine VP's Beijing-friendly remarks blunt Manila's South China Sea policy?". South China Morning Post. October 8, 2023. Archived from the original on June 24, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  34. ^ Mendoza, John Eric; jvicente (June 12, 2024). "Tarriela hits politicians mum on West Philippine Sea issues". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on June 22, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  35. ^ de Leon, Dwight (April 10, 2024). "Marcos 'horrified' by Duterte's alleged gentleman's agreement with China on West PH Sea". Rappler. Archived from the original on June 15, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  36. ^ Gonzalez, Mia (April 13, 2024). "Marcos defends Sara Duterte's silence on China aggression in West PH Sea". RAPPLER. Archived from the original on June 22, 2024. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  37. ^ Mateo, Janvic; Crisostomo, Sheila (August 26, 2023). "Lawmakers eye impeachment case vs Vice President Sara". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  38. ^ Crisostomo, Sheila (August 27, 2023). "Vice President impeachment premature – ACT". The Philippine Star. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  39. ^ Magsambol, Bonz (August 19, 2024). "Sara Duterte on possible impeach rap: 'That is expected'". Rappler. Archived from the original on August 19, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  40. ^ Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (September 23, 2024). "Impeaching VP Sara Duterte 'necessary' – Bayan". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  41. ^ Gulla, Vivienne (September 11, 2024). "Congressmen deny impeachment plot vs Sara Duterte". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  42. ^ a b Gomez, Jim (December 2, 2024). "Impeachment complaint filed against Philippine Vice President Duterte after she threatened president". AP News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  43. ^ De Leon, Dwight (December 2, 2024). "LIST: Issues invoked vs VP Sara Duterte in the first impeachment rap against her". Rappler. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  44. ^ a b Gatchalian, Ched Rick; Gulla, Vivienne (December 4, 2024). "VP Sara Duterte faces second impeachment complaint". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  45. ^ De Leon, Dwight (December 4, 2024). "Sara Duterte slapped with second impeachment complaint". Rappler. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  46. ^ Gomez, Jim (December 4, 2024). "Activists file second impeachment complaint against embattled Philippine Vice President Duterte". AP News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  47. ^ Cabuenas, Jon Viktor (December 15, 2024). "1,300 OVP confidential fund recipients lack PSA records". GMA News Online. GMA Network Inc. Archived from the original on December 15, 2024. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
  48. ^ Gulla, Vivienne (December 5, 2024). "Third impeachment complaint against Sara Duterte looms". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on December 5, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  49. ^ "Priests, NGO members file 3rd impeachment complaint vs VP Sara Duterte". ABS-CBN. Archived from the original on December 19, 2024. Retrieved December 19, 2024.
  50. ^ a b c "House impeaches VP Sara Duterte". ABS-CBN. February 5, 2025. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  51. ^ a b Ager, Maila (February 5, 2025). "Senate goes on break without tackling impeach bid vs VP Duterte". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  52. ^ Abarca, Charie (February 6, 2025). "No impeachment trial vs VP Duterte during break of Congress – Escudero". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved February 6, 2025.
  53. ^ Cruz, RG (February 5, 2025). "Senate adjourns for 4-month election season without acting on impeachment vs Sara Duterte". ABS-CBN. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  54. ^ a b "List of lawmaker-prosecutors in Sara Duterte impeachment". The Philippine Star. February 5, 2025. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  55. ^ Servallos, Neil Jayson (December 26, 2024). "Duterte to join Sara's legal team vs impeachment". The Philippine Star. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  56. ^ Cepeda, Mara (February 5, 2025). "Philippine V-P Duterte impeached for assassination threat against Marcos, alleged misuse of funds". The Strait Times. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  57. ^ Magsambol, Bonz (December 4, 2024). "Will the impeachment case against Sara Duterte succeed in the Senate?". Rappler. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  58. ^ a b Robles, Raissa (December 5, 2024). "Impeaching Philippine VP Sara Duterte is 'now or never', analysts say". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  59. ^ Villaruel, Jauhn Etienne (August 23, 2024). "Sara Duterte impeachment likely before polls: analyst". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  60. ^ Bajo, Anna Felicia (December 3, 2024). "Palace distances from impeachment complaint filed vs. VP Sara". GMA News. Archived from the original on December 4, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  61. ^ "INC to hold rally to oppose impeach moves vs. VP Sara Duterte". GMA News. December 5, 2024. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  62. ^ Dingding, Yummie (January 12, 2025). "Iglesia ni Cristo holds National Rally for Peace in Manila". Daily Tribune. Archived from the original on January 22, 2025. Retrieved January 12, 2025.
  63. ^ "People flock to Quirino Grandstand for INC peace rally on Monday, Jan. 13". GMA News Online. January 12, 2025. Archived from the original on January 13, 2025. Retrieved January 13, 2025.
  64. ^ Abarca, Charie; Argosino, Faith; Sarao, Zacarian (January 13, 2025). "Crowd estimate at INC rally in Quirino Grandstand reaches 1.5 million". Inquirer News. Manila, Philippines: INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on January 13, 2025. Retrieved January 13, 2025.
  65. ^ Argosino, Faith (January 13, 2025). "INC peace rally: Lacuna supports Marcos opposition to VP impeachment". Inquirer News. Manila, Philippines: INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on January 14, 2025. Retrieved January 13, 2025.
  66. ^ Forbes, Kathleen (January 13, 2025). "Peace rally ng INC, panawagan para sa pagkakaisa at hindi pagkiling sa sino mang indibidwal -– Rep. Marcoleta". Radyo Pilipinas (in Filipino). Philippine Broadcasting Service. Archived from the original on January 13, 2025. Retrieved January 13, 2025.
  67. ^ Bajo, Anna Felicia (January 14, 2025). "Marcos' stance rejecting Sara impeachment unchanged — Palace". GMA News Online. GMA Network Inc. Archived from the original on January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 16, 2025.
  68. ^ Tocmo, Hernel (January 14, 2025). "Rodrigo Duterte thanks Iglesia for 'peace rally'". ABS-CBN News. Davao City: ABS-CBN Corporation. Archived from the original on January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 16, 2025.
  69. ^ PDP-Laban (January 13, 2025). "TIGNAN: Ibinahagi ni PDP Laban Vice President for Luzon Philip Salvador, ang ilang larawan[...]". Facebook (in Filipino). Meta Platforms, Inc. Archived from the original on January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 16, 2025.
  70. ^ PDP-Laban (January 13, 2025). "TIGNAN: Present si Atty. Jimmy Bondoc sa 'National Rally for Peace'[...]". Facebook (in Filipino). Meta Platforms, Inc. Archived from the original on January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 16, 2025.
  71. ^ PDP-Laban (January 14, 2025). "TIGNAN: Ibinahagi ni PDP Laban Executive Director Astra Pimentel ang ilang larawan[...]". Facebook (in Filipino). Meta Platforms, Inc. Archived from the original on January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 16, 2025.
  72. ^ DZAR 1026 SMNI Radio (January 13, 2025). Ilang kilalang personalidad, namataan sa National Rally for Peace ng INC. Facebook (in Filipino). Meta Platforms, Inc. Event occurs at 1:42. Archived from the original on January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 16, 2025. Siguro magkakaro'n lang po tayo ng peace kung bababa ang ating pangulong Marcos. 'Yun lang po ang aking panawagan.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  73. ^ Abarca, Charie (December 5, 2024). "Escudero: If Sara Duterte is impeached, President will nominate VP". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
  74. ^ "Sara Duterte: Philippines feud escalates as lawmakers vote to impeach vice-president". www.bbc.com. February 5, 2025. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  75. ^ "SWS confirms December 2024 Survey items for Stratbase Consultancy on the impeachment complaint against Vice-President Sara Duterte". Social Weather Stations. January 8, 2025. Retrieved January 12, 2025.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Impeachment_of_Sara_Duterte&oldid=1274260639"