2025 in arthropod paleontology
2025 in arthropod paleontology is a list of new arthropod fossil taxa, including arachnids, crustaceans, trilobites, and other arthropods (except insects, which have their own list) that were announced or described, as well as other significant arthropod paleontological discoveries and events which occurred in 2025.
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Chelicerates
[edit]Arachnids
[edit]Amblypygi
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Dunlop & Bartel |
Miocene (probably Burdigalian) |
A species of Phrynus. |
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|
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Dunlop & Bartel |
Miocene |
A species of Phrynus; a replacement name for Phrynus mexicana Poinar & Brown (2004). |
Pseudoscorpiones
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Hagen et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
Kachin amber |
A species of Lechytia. |
Sarcoptiformes
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kolesnikov et al. |
A species of Histiogaster. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kolesnikov et al. |
Eocene (Priabonian) |
Rovno amber |
A member of Oribatida belonging to the family Pediculochelidae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kolesnikov et al. |
Kachin amber |
A member of Oribatida belonging to the family Pediculochelidae. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sendi et al. |
A member of the family Schizoglyphidae. The type species is P. lebanotermi. |
Sarcoptiform research
[edit]- Klimov et al. (2025) revise Protospeleorchestes pseudoprotacarus, Paraprotacarus hirsti and Palaeotydeus devonicus from the Devonian Rhynie chert (United Kingdom) and interpret them all as junior synonyms of Protacarus crani, assigned by the authors to the new family Protoacaridae within Endeostigmata; the authors also study the diversification timeline of acariform mites, and argue that the crown group of Acariformes originated during the Cambrian, at the time of colonization of lands by bryophytes.[6]
Scorpiones
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lourenço in Lourenço & Velten |
Cretaceous |
Kachin amber |
A scorpion belonging to the superfamily Buthoidea and the family Ananteridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lourenço, Dan & Zawgyi |
Cretaceous |
Kachin amber |
A scorpion belonging to the family Palaeoeuscorpiidae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lourenço in Lourenço & Velten |
Cretaceous |
Kachin amber |
A scorpion belonging to the family Protoischnuridae. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Xuan et al. |
A member of Buthida of uncertain affinities. The type species is J. longchengi. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lourenço & Velten |
Cretaceous |
Kachin amber |
Scorpion research
[edit]- Xuan et al. (2025) revise scorpions from the family Chaerilobuthidae known from the Cretaceous Kachin amber from Myanmar, reinterpret Chaeriloiurus and Serratochaerilobuthus as junior synonyms of the genus Chaerilobuthus, and rerank the family Chaerilobuthidae itself as a subfamily belonging to the family Pseudochactidae.[12]
Trombidiformes
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Porta et al. |
Eocene |
Baltic amber |
Europe (Baltic Sea region) |
A member of the family Caeculidae. |
Eurypterids
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Wang, Sun & Zhang |
Devonian (Lochkovian) |
Nagaoling Formation |
A member of the family Carcinosomatidae. The type species is T. zengi. |
Crustaceans
[edit]Malacostracans
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gašparič et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian or Albian) |
A hermit crab belonging to the family Pylochelidae. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Schädel et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Barremian) |
An isopod belonging to the group Cymothoida. The type species is D. gezei. |
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|
Comb. nov |
Valid |
(Karasawa) |
Miocene |
A species of Grimothea; moved from Munida nishioi Karasawa (1993). |
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|
Comb. nov |
Valid |
(Hatai & Kotaka) |
Miocene |
A species of Grimothea; moved from Kazuoia ogaensis Hatai & Kotaka (1970). |
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|
Comb. nov |
Valid |
(Hyžný & Charbonnier in Hyžný et al.) |
Paleocene (Danian) |
Khadro Formation |
A member of Axiidea belonging to the family Callichiridae; moved from Neocallichirus khadroensis Hyžný & Charbonnier in Hyžný et al. (2016). |
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|
Comb. nov |
Valid |
(Hyžný & Charbonnier in Hyžný et al.) |
Paleocene (Thanetian)?–Eocene (Ypresian) |
Lakhra Formation |
A member of Axiidea belonging to the family Callichiridae; moved from Neocallichirus lakhraensis Hyžný & Charbonnier in Hyžný et al. (2016). |
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|
Comb. nov |
Valid |
(Milne-Edwards) |
Holocene |
A member of Axiidea belonging to the family Callichiridae; moved from Callianassa maxima Milne-Edwards (1870). |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wallaard |
Miocene |
A tanaidacean. The type species is M. mediterraneus. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Zamora et al. |
Devonian (Pragian) |
Santa Cruz Formation |
A member of Phyllocarida belonging to the family Rhinocarididae. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Schweitzer & Schram |
Carboniferous (Moscovian) |
A member of the family Gorgonophontidae. The type species is P. mayi. |
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|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Schädel et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |
An isopod belonging to the group Cymothoida. The type species is "Plakolana" chiapaneca Bruce et al. (2021). |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lima et al. |
Pirabas Formation |
A crab belonging to the family Hexapodidae. Genus includes new species R. feldmanni. |
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|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Schweitzer, Feldmann & Findling |
A crab belonging to the family Ibericancridae. The type species is "Diaulax" millerae Bishop (1992); genus also includes "Seorsus" kauffmani Feldmann et al. (2013) from the Mancos Shale (New Mexico, United States). |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Karasawa & Kato |
Miocene |
A species of Trapezionida. |
Malacostracan research
[edit]- Bicknell et al. (2025) study two clusters of Archaeoniscus brodiei from the Berriasian Durlston Formation (United Kingdom), providing new information on the anatomy of the studied isopod.[24]
- New information on the morphology of Beurlenia araripensis is provided by Lima et al. (2025).[25]
- Mychko (2025) describes fossil material of Palaeastacus aff. solitarius from the Tithonian strata from the Cheryomukha River Basin (Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia), extending known geographical range of Late Jurassic members of the genus Palaeastacus.[26]
- A study on the distribution and diversity of members of the family Glypheidae throughout their evolutionary history is published by Damborenea et al. (2025).[27]
- Worthy et al. (2025) identify fossil material (molar ridges of the mandible) of at least three taxa of parastacids from the Miocene Bannockburn Formation (New Zealand), providing evidence of greater diversity of parastacids in New Zealand in the Miocene compared to the present.[28]
- Baucon et al. (2025) report the discovery of vertical burrows from a new Carnian site from the Travenanzes Formation (Italy), possibly representing the oldest fossil evidence of true crabs reported to date.[29]
Ostracods
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Sobolev |
Devonian |
Yba Formation |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Sobolev |
Devonian |
Yba Formation |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
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|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Franz, Tesakova & Schweigert |
Jurassic |
Genus includes "Progonocythere" gublerae Bizon (1958). |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
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|
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Tesakova |
A replacement name for Glyptocythere tuberosa Brand & Malz (1962). |
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|
Sp. nov |
Forel |
Late Triassic (Carnian) |
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|
Sp. nov |
Forel et al. |
Middle Triassic |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kumari & Mahalakshmi in Mahalakshmi, Kumari & Muduli |
Published online in 2025, but the issue date is listed as December 2024. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Shurupova |
Middle Jurassic (Callovian) |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Shurupova |
Middle Jurassic (Callovian) |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kumari & Mahalakshmi in Mahalakshmi, Kumari & Muduli |
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) |
Jhuran Formation |
Published online in 2025, but the issue date is listed as December 2024. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tesakova |
Middle Jurassic (Callovian) |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tesakova |
Middle Jurassic (Callovian) |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kumari & Mahalakshmi in Mahalakshmi, Kumari & Muduli |
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) |
Jhuran Formation |
Published online in 2025, but the issue date is listed as December 2024. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Maia et al. |
Cretaceous |
A member of the family Cyprididae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
||||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tesakova |
Middle Jurassic (Callovian) |
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|
Sp. nov |
Sciuto, Baldanza & Reitano |
Pliocene |
Ostracod research
[edit]- Evidence from the study of Silurian ostracod assemblages from the eastern Baltic Basin (Lithuania), indicating that the mid-Homerian biotic turnover event most likely lasted approximately 260,000 years (and thus was shorter than indicated by earlier estimates), is presented by Rinkevičiūtė et al. (2025).[40]
- Wang et al. (2025) revise the ostracod fauna from the Upper Cretaceous Liwaxia and Madongshan formations (China), correlate it with contemporaneous ostracod faunas from China and Mongolia, and assign the genus Liupanshania to the subfamily Cyproidinae in the family Notodromadidae.[41]
- A study on the composition and biogeographical connections of ostracod assemblages from the Paleocene-Eocene sedimentary succession at Wadi Tarfa (Egypt) is published by Samir et al. (2025).[42]
Thecostracans
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale & Jagt |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A barnacle. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Buckeridge & Smith |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A barnacle belonging to the group Scalpellomorpha and the family Zeugmatolepadidae. |
Thecostracan research
[edit]- Gale & Sadorf (2025) report the discovery of fossil material of Verruca stroemia from the Pliocene strata of the Yorktown Formation (North Carolina, United States), and interpret purported extinct species V. alaskana and V. koikei as junior synonyms of V. stroemia.[45]
Other crustaceans
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Comb. nov |
(Chen) |
Late Triassic |
A clam shrimp belonging to the family Polygraptidae; moved from Euestheria dazuensis Chen (1974) |
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|
Comb. nov |
Valid |
(Chen) |
Late Triassic |
A clam shrimp belonging to the family Polygraptidae; moved from Euestheria yipinglangensis Chen (1974) |
Other crustacean research
[edit]- Bicknell et al. (2025) describe an assemblage of 50 specimens of Schramine montanaensis from the Carboniferous Bear Gulch Limestone (Montana, United States), representing one of oldest records of gregarious behavior of crustaceans reported to date.[47]
Insects
[edit]Radiodonts
[edit]Radiodont research
[edit]- Evidence from the study of new fossil material of Caryosyntrips from the Cambrian strata of the Hongjiangshao Formation (China) and Spence Shale (Utah, United States), interpreted as indicating that characters used to diagnose species belonging to this genus might instead reflect variation within the same species, is presented by Yang et al. (2025).[48]
Trilobites
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wei et al. |
Ordovician-Silurian transition |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wei et al. |
Ordovician-Silurian transition |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Flick |
Devonian |
Hermershausen Limestone |
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|
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Adrain |
Ordovician (Tremadocian) |
A member of the family Bathyuridae. The type species is I. lossoae; genus also includes I. dekosterae from the Fillmore Formation (Utah, United States). |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Van Viersen, Lerouge & Kesselaer |
Devonian (Pragian) |
A member of the family Odontopleuridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Van Viersen, Lerouge & Kesselaer |
Devonian (Pragian) |
Ihandar Formation |
A member of the family Odontopleuridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Van Viersen, Lerouge & Kesselaer |
Devonian (Pragian) |
Ihandar Formation |
A member of the family Odontopleuridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Adrain |
Ordovician (Tremadocian) |
Garden City Formation |
A member of the family Bathyuridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Adrain |
Ordovician (Tremadocian) |
Garden City Formation |
A member of the family Bathyuridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wei et al. |
Ordovician-Silurian transition |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Makarova et al. |
Cambrian |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Makarova et al. |
Cambrian |
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|
Ssp. nov |
Valid |
Flick |
Devonian |
Hermershausen Limestone |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ng, Bradley & Adrain in Adrain et al. |
Ordovician (Tremadocian) |
A member of the family Hystricuridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Adrain & Pérez-Peris in Adrain et al. |
Ordovician (Tremadocian) |
House Limestone |
A member of the family Remopleurididae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Makarova et al. |
Cambrian |
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|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Wei et al. |
Ordovician-Silurian transition |
Lianfeng Formation |
The type species is "Encrinuroides" zhenxiongensis Sheng (1964); genus also includes "Niuchangella" meitanensis Zhang (1974), "Encrinuroides" yanheensis Yin in Yin & Lee (1978), "Encrinuroides" yichangensis Yi (1978) and "Encrinuroides" yinjiangensis Zhang (1974). |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Losso & Adrain in Adrain et al. |
Ordovician (Tremadocian) |
House Limestone |
A member of the family Dimeropygidae. The type species is S. plummeri. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Makarova et al. |
Cambrian |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wei et al. |
Ordovician-Silurian transition |
The type species is Y. shanshuensis. |
Trilobite research
[edit]- Crônier, Couette & Laffont (2025) compare the utility of 2D and 3D quantitative analyses for the studies of morphological diversity of phacopid trilobites.[55]
Other arthropods
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Makarova et al. |
Cambrian |
A member of Agnostida. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Peel |
Cambrian (Wuliuan) |
A member of Phosphatocopida belonging to the family Dabashanellidae. |
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| Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gabbott et al. | Ordovician | Soom Shale (Cedarberg Formation) |  South Africa
|
An enigmatic euarthropod, the type species is K. susanae. | 
| |
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wesener & Rühr |
Cretaceous |
Kachin amber |
A millipede belonging to the family Cambalopsidae. The type species is L. patrickmuelleri. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Peel |
Cambrian (Wuliuan) |
Henson Gletscher Formation |
A member of Bradoriida belonging to the family Svealutidae. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Moritz, Wipfler & Wesener |
Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) |
Kachin amber |
A millipede belonging to the family Siphonorhinidae. The type species is P. patrickmuelleri. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
McCoy et al. |
Upper Carboniferous (Moscovian) |
( |
A probable late surviving member of the Vicissicaudata within Artiopoda. The type species is T. broedeae |
| ||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Collantes & Pereira |
A member of Agnostida belonging to the family Weymouthiidae. The type species is T. valverdi. |
- Evidence of the presence of two pairs of different compound eyes in Pygmaclypeatus daziensis (a pair of stalked, movable eyes and a pair of sessile dorsal eyes) is presented by Schmidt et al. (2025).[62]
- O'Flynn et al. (2025) describe new fossil material of Kuamaia lata from the Cambrian Chiungchussu Formation (China), providing new information on the frontal appendages and number of head segments in members of this species, and interpret the studied fossils as indicating that raptorial frontal appendages, ancestral for Euarthropoda but lost in Artiopoda, evolved secondarily within the artiopod lineage that included K. lata.[63]
- Redescription and a study on the affinities of Helmetia expansa is published by Losso, Caron & Ortega-Hernández (2025).[64]
- Bicknell et al. (2025) describe fossil material of Naraoia cf. bertiensis from the Silurian (Přídolí) Phelps Member of the Fiddlers Green Formation (Bertie Group; New York, United States), expanding known geographical range of the youngest naraoiids.[65]
- Naimark & Chaika (2025) study the structure of the cuticles of members of Agnostina, reporting evidence of greater similarity to cuticles of chelicerates than those of crustaceans.[66]
- Brookfield, Catlos & Garza (2025) argue that the strata of the Stonehaven Group (United Kingdom) preserving fossil material of Pneumodesmus newmani is most likely Přídolí–Lochkovian in age.[67]
- Dernov (2025) describes impressions of probable paratergites of Arthropleura sp. from the Carboniferous (Bashkirian) Mospyne Formation (Ukraine), possibly representing fossil material of juvenile specimens, and argues that juvenile and adult arthropleurids might have lived in different habitats.[68]
General research
[edit]- Chipman (2025) proposes a new model for the evolution of arthropod tagmata based on data from extant and fossil arthropods.[69]
- Naimark & Sizov (2025) study the taphonomy of the Cambrian arthropod fossils from the Kimiltei site (Irkutsk Oblast, Russia) first reported by Naimark, Sizov & Khubanov (2023),[70] and argue that the identification of putative members of Offacolidae and Chasmataspidida from this locality as chelicerates is correct.[71]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Dunlop, J. A.; Bartel, C. (2025). "A new species of fossil Phrynus Lamarck, 1801, from Dominican Republic amber (Amblypygi: Phrynidae)". Zootaxa. 5563 (1): 64–72. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5563.1.7. PMID 40173985.
- ^ Hagen, M.; Kotthoff, U.; Harms, D.; Loria, S. F. (2025). "New species of Lechytia Balzan, 1892 (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) from Burmese amber highlights 99 million years of morphological stasis". Cretaceous Research. 172. 106120. Bibcode:2025CrRes.17206120H. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106120.
- ^ Kolesnikov, V. B.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Perkovsky, E. E.; Klimov, P. B. (2025). "An exceptionally well-preserved Eocene fossil mite, Histiogaster altilis sp. n. (Acari: Astigmata), from tree sap: Evidence of morphological and ecological niche conservatism, with a review of fossil Astigmata". Acarologia. 65 (1): 213–241. doi:10.24349/c35e-8bmj.
- ^ a b Kolesnikov, V. B.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Norton, R. A.; Klimov, P. B. (2025). "First fossil evidence of pediculochelid mites: two new species from Middle Cretaceous and Late Eocene amber revealing morphological stasis over at least 99 million years". Acarologia. 65 (1): 67–90. doi:10.24349/uxz4-s4sq.
- ^ Sendi, H.; Klimov, P. B.; Kolesnikov, V. B.; Káčerová, J.; Bonino, E.; Azar, D.; Robin, N. (2025). "The oldest continuous association between astigmatid mites and termites preserved in Cretaceous amber reveals the evolutionary significance of phoresy". BMC Ecology and Evolution. 25 (1). 16. Bibcode:2025BMCEE..25...16S. doi:10.1186/s12862-025-02351-5. PMC 11853500. PMID 39994514.
- ^ Klimov, P. B.; Kolesnikov, V. B.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Ball, A. D.; Bolton, S. J.; Mellish, C.; Edgecombe, G. D.; Pepato, A. R.; Chetverikov, P. E.; He, Q.; Perotti, M. A.; Braig, H. R. (2025). "The evolutionary history and timeline of mites in ancient soils". Scientific Reports. 15 (1). 13555. Bibcode:2025NatSR..1513555K. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-96115-2. PMC 12009363. PMID 40253405.
- ^ Lourenço, W. R.; Velten, J. (2025). "A new species for the genus Archaeoananteroides Lourenço, 2016, fossil scorpion from Burmite (Scorpiones: Buthoidea: Ananteridae)". Faunitaxys. 13 (3): 1–6. doi:10.57800/faunitaxys-13(03).
- ^ Dan, Z.; Zawgyi, K.; Lourenço, W. R. (2025). "An unusual new species of Burmesescorpiops Lourenço, 2016 from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Scorpiones: Palaeoeuscorpiidae: Archaeoscorpiopinae)". Faunitaxys. 13 (20): 1–6. doi:10.57800/faunitaxys-13(20).
- ^ Lourenço, W. R.; Velten, J. (2025). "One more new species for the genus Cretaceoushormiops Lourenço, 2018 from Cretaceous Burmite (Scorpiones: Protoischnuridae)". Faunitaxys. 13 (2): 1–6. doi:10.57800/faunitaxys-13(02).
- ^ Xuan, Q.; Cai, C.; Huang, Y.; Huang, D. (2025). "First Mesozoic scorpion from China and its ecological implications". Science Bulletin. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2025.01.035. PMID 39924406.
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